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82Pb207.210
Lead
Post-Transition MetalLead (/lɛd/) is a chemical element in the carbon group with symbol Pb (from Latin:plumbum) and atomic number 82. Lead is a soft, malleable and heavy post-transition metal. Metallic lead has a bluish-white color after being freshly cut, but it soon tarnishes to a dull grayish color when exposed to air.
Phase: SolidAppearance: metallic gray
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4
Physical Properties
Atomic Mass207.21 u
Density11.34 g/cm³
Melting Point600.61 K
Boiling Point2022 K
Molar Heat26.65 J/(mol·K)
Period6
PhaseSolid
Chemical Properties
Electron Configuration1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p2
Semantic Config[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2
Shells2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 4
Electron Affinity34.4204 kJ/mol
Electronegativity1.87
Ionization Energies
IE1: 715.6 kJ/molIE2: 1450.5 kJ/molIE3: 3081.5 kJ/molIE4: 4083 kJ/molIE5: 6640 kJ/mol
Discovery
Discovered byMiddle East