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83Bi208.980
Bismuth
Post-Transition MetalBismuth is a chemical element with symbol Bi and atomic number 83. Bismuth, a pentavalent post-transition metal, chemically resembles arsenic and antimony. Elemental bismuth may occur naturally, although its sulfide and oxide form important commercial ores.
Phase: SolidAppearance: lustrous silver
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5
Physical Properties
Atomic Mass208.980401 u
Density9.78 g/cm³
Melting Point544.7 K
Boiling Point1837 K
Molar Heat25.52 J/(mol·K)
Period6
PhaseSolid
Chemical Properties
Electron Configuration1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p3
Semantic Config[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
Shells2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5
Electron Affinity90.924 kJ/mol
Electronegativity2.02
Ionization Energies
IE1: 703 kJ/molIE2: 1610 kJ/molIE3: 2466 kJ/molIE4: 4370 kJ/molIE5: 5400 kJ/molIE6: 8520 kJ/mol
Discovery
Discovered byClaude François Geoffroy