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39Y88.906
Yttrium
Transition MetalYttrium is a chemical element with symbol Y and atomic number 39. It is a silvery-metallic transition metal chemically similar to the lanthanides and it has often been classified as a "rare earth element". Yttrium is almost always found combined with the lanthanides in rare earth minerals and is never found in nature as a free element.
Phase: SolidAppearance: silvery white
2, 8, 18, 9, 2
Physical Properties
Atomic Mass88.905842 u
Density4.472 g/cm³
Melting Point1799 K
Boiling Point3203 K
Molar Heat26.53 J/(mol·K)
Period5
PhaseSolid
Chemical Properties
Electron Configuration1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d1
Semantic Config[Kr] 4d1 5s2
Shells2, 8, 18, 9, 2
Electron Affinity29.6 kJ/mol
Electronegativity1.22
Ionization Energies
IE1: 600 kJ/molIE2: 1180 kJ/molIE3: 1980 kJ/molIE4: 5847 kJ/molIE5: 7430 kJ/molIE6: 8970 kJ/molIE7: 11190 kJ/molIE8: 12450 kJ/molIE9: 14110 kJ/molIE10: 18400 kJ/molIE11: 19900 kJ/molIE12: 36090 kJ/mol
Discovery
Discovered byJohan Gadolin