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50Sn118.711
Tin
Post-Transition MetalTin is a chemical element with the symbol Sn (for Latin:stannum) and atomic number 50. It is a main group metal in group 14 of the periodic table. Tin shows a chemical similarity to both neighboring group-14 elements, germanium and lead, and has two possible oxidation states, +2 and the slightly more stable +4.
Phase: SolidAppearance: silvery-white (beta, β) or gray (alpha, α)
2, 8, 18, 18, 4
Physical Properties
Atomic Mass118.7107 u
Density7.365 g/cm³
Melting Point505.08 K
Boiling Point2875 K
Molar Heat27.112 J/(mol·K)
Period5
PhaseSolid
Chemical Properties
Electron Configuration1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p2
Semantic Config[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
Shells2, 8, 18, 18, 4
Electron Affinity107.2984 kJ/mol
Electronegativity1.96
Ionization Energies
IE1: 708.6 kJ/molIE2: 1411.8 kJ/molIE3: 2943 kJ/molIE4: 3930.3 kJ/molIE5: 7456 kJ/mol
Discovery
Discovered byunknown, before 3500 BC