← Periodic Table
80Hg200.592

Mercury

Transition Metal

Mercury is a chemical element with symbol Hg and atomic number 80. It is commonly known as quicksilver and was formerly named hydrargyrum (/haɪˈdrɑːrdʒərəm/). A heavy, silvery d-block element, mercury is the only metallic element that is liquid at standard conditions for temperature and pressure; the only other element that is liquid under these conditions is bromine, though metals such as caesium, gallium, and rubidium melt just above room temperature.

Phase: LiquidAppearance: silvery
Physical Properties
Atomic Mass200.5923 u
Density13.534 g/cm³
Melting Point234.321 K
Boiling Point629.88 K
Molar Heat27.983 J/(mol·K)
Period6
PhaseLiquid
Chemical Properties
Electron Configuration1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10
Semantic Config[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2
Shells2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 2
Electron Affinity-48 kJ/mol
Electronegativity2
Ionization Energies
IE1: 1007.1 kJ/molIE2: 1810 kJ/molIE3: 3300 kJ/mol
Discovery
Discovered byunknown, before 2000 BCE