← Periodic Table
12Mg24.305
Magnesium
Alkaline Earth MetalMagnesium is a chemical element with symbol Mg and atomic number 12. It is a shiny gray solid which bears a close physical resemblance to the other five elements in the second column (Group 2, or alkaline earth metals) of the periodic table:they each have the same electron configuration in their outer electron shell producing a similar crystal structure. Magnesium is the ninth most abundant element in the universe.
Phase: SolidAppearance: shiny grey solid
2, 8, 2
Physical Properties
Atomic Mass24.305 u
Density1.738 g/cm³
Melting Point923 K
Boiling Point1363 K
Molar Heat24.869 J/(mol·K)
Period3
PhaseSolid
Chemical Properties
Electron Configuration1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2
Semantic Config[Ne] 3s2
Shells2, 8, 2
Electron Affinity-40 kJ/mol
Electronegativity1.31
Ionization Energies
IE1: 737.7 kJ/molIE2: 1450.7 kJ/molIE3: 7732.7 kJ/molIE4: 10542.5 kJ/molIE5: 13630 kJ/molIE6: 18020 kJ/molIE7: 21711 kJ/molIE8: 25661 kJ/molIE9: 31653 kJ/molIE10: 35458 kJ/molIE11: 169988 kJ/molIE12: 189368 kJ/mol
Discovery
Discovered byJoseph Black